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Genetic structure of five Huanghe schizothoracin Schizopygopsis pylzovi populations based on mtDNA control region sequences
QI De-Lin,CHAO Yan,GUO Song-Chang,ZHAO Xin-Quan
Acta Zoologica Sinica , 2008,
Abstract: Huanghe schizothoracin Schizopygopsis pylzovi is a freshwater fish endemic to Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, which distributes mainly in the Qiadam drainage and the upper reaches of Yellow River in the northern and northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. So far little is known about the genetic diversity, radiation and population structure. In the present study, the sequence of mitochondrial control region (821bp) of 99 individuals representing five populations in the distribution regions were sequenced. Within the analyzed 821 bp bases, 77 (9.37%) nucleotides were variable, and a total of 53 haplotypes were identified, in which only one haplotype (DT12) was shared by two populations in the upper reaches of Yellow River. Haplotype diversity (h=0.79±0.06) and nucleotide diversity (π=0.0027±0.0017) of the populations in Qiadam drainage were lower than those of the populations in the upper reaches of Yellow River. The AMOVA analysis indicated that the genetic variation mainly occurred within populations instead of among populations. Although no geographic clustering was observed in the phylogenetic tree, significant population subdivision was supported by both of the pairwise Fst values and average pairwise differences. This result implies that the geographic barriers among the drainages were formed relatively late by the uplift of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The unimodal mismatch distribution of haplotypes, based on the selective neutrality test of Tajima’s D (-1.497, P =0.058) and Fu’s Fs (-24.741, P=0.001), suggest that a recent population expansion of Huanghe schizothoracin has been occurred during the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau [Acta Zoologica Sinica 54(6): 972–980, 2008].
Genetic diversity and classification of domestic yaks inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences
家牦牛线粒体DNA(mtDNA)遗传多样性及其分类
GUO Song-Chang,QI De-Lin,CHEN Gui-Hua,XU Shi-Xiao,ZHAO Xin-Quan,
郭松长,祁得林,陈桂华,徐世晓,赵新全
生态学报 , 2008,
Abstract: 通过分析包括我国10个家牦牛品种(类群)在内共296个样本的mtDNA控制(D-loop)区部分序列的遗传变异,对我国家牦牛的遗传多样性、遗传分化、聚类关系和分类进行了研究.所测序列经比对后,共检测到61个变异位点,定义了77种单倍型.分析显示青海环湖牦牛的单倍型多样性最高,达0.9848±0.0403,而巴州牦牛单倍型多样性最低,为0.8000±0.0825;核苷酸多样性方面,斯布牦牛存在最为丰富的核苷酸序列变异,核苷酸多样性值为0.022582±0.011767,而巴州牦牛仅为0.006856±0.002476,表明我国家牦牛品种(类群)遗传多样性水平存在较大差异.总体上,我国家牦牛单倍型多样性、核苷酸多样性分别为0.9251±0.0095和0.015265±0.007757,呈现出丰富的遗传多样性.聚类分析显示我国家牦牛存在两个聚类簇--斯布牦牛独立为一类;其余9个品种(类群)聚为一类,表明家牦牛品种(类群)间遗传距离与地理分布无明显相关.分子变异分析(AMOVA)显示九龙、嘉黎、斯布牦牛构成的组与其余7个家牦牛品种(类群)构成的组之间存在极显著的遗传分化(?CT=0.05285,P<0.01),且其品种间/组内遗传分化不显著(?SC=0.00648,P>0.05),支持依据遗传分化程度将我国家牦牛划分为两大类型.AMOVA支持的分组在品种(类群)组成上与蔡立的研究结果相符,首次为我国家牦牛划分为横断高山型和青藏高原型两种类型提供了源自分子遗传学的证据.
Retinoic Acid-Dependent Signaling Pathways and Lineage Events in the Developing Mouse Spinal Cord
Marie Paschaki,Song-Chang Lin,Rebecca Lee Yean Wong,Richard H. Finnell,Pascal Dollé,Karen Niederreither
PLOS ONE , 2012, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032447
Abstract: Studies in avian models have demonstrated an involvement of retinoid signaling in early neural tube patterning. The roles of this signaling pathway at later stages of spinal cord development are only partly characterized. Here we use Raldh2-null mouse mutants rescued from early embryonic lethality to study the consequences of lack of endogenous retinoic acid (RA) in the differentiating spinal cord. Mid-gestation RA deficiency produces prominent structural and molecular deficiencies in dorsal regions of the spinal cord. While targets of Wnt signaling in the dorsal neuronal lineage are unaltered, reductions in Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) and Notch signaling are clearly observed. We further provide evidence that endogenous RA is capable of driving stem cell differentiation. Raldh2 deficiency results in a decreased number of spinal cord derived neurospheres, which exhibit a reduced differentiation potential. Raldh2-null neurospheres have a decreased number of cells expressing the neuronal marker β-III-tubulin, while the nestin-positive cell population is increased. Hence, in vivo retinoid deficiency impaired neural stem cell growth. We propose that RA has separable functions in the developing spinal cord to (i) maintain high levels of FGF and Notch signaling and (ii) drive stem cell differentiation, thus restricting both the numbers and the pluripotent character of neural stem cells.
男性叶酸代谢功能与辅助生殖技术结局的相关性研究
Association between folate metabolism in males and outcome of assistant reproductive technology
吴正沐 ,陈松长 ,徐晨明 ,金丽
WU Zheng-mu, CHEN Song-chang, XU Chen-ming, JIN Li
- , 2018, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2018.10.017
Abstract: 目的 ·研究男性叶酸代谢相关基因亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶（ methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase，MTHFR）C677T多态性及同型半胱氨酸（ homocysteine，HCY）水平对辅助生殖技术（ assisted reproductive technology，ART）妊娠结局的影响。方法 ·观察接受辅助生殖治疗的 285对不孕不育夫妇，收集男方精液质量、血清 HCY浓度和 MTHFR基因型等资料，并对他们助孕情况进行回顾性分析。根据 HCY水平分为高 HCY组和正常 HCY组，根据 MTHFR基因型结果分为叶酸代谢障碍高风险（ TT）组和非 TT组，两两组合，以非 TT正常 HCY组为参照组进行比较。结果 ·各组精液质量对比差异无统计学意义（ P>0.05）。非 TT高 HCY组及 TT高 HCY组与参照组比较，受精率显著降低（ P0.001，P0.002）；非 TT高 HCY组的优胚率明显低于参照组（ P0.038）。妊娠率及流产率差异无统计学意义（ P>0.05）。结论 ·高 HCY血症可能会影响辅助生殖技术的受精率， MTHFR基因多态性的检测结果有助于提醒受孕人群及时补充叶酸。
：Objective · To investigate the association between polymorphisms in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), serum homocysteine (HCY) concentration and outcome of assistant reproductive technology (ART). Methods · A retrospective study was conducted in 285 infertile couples who underwent ART. Sperm quality, serum HCY concentration and MTHFR genotype of the males in these couples were collected. According to the results of MTHFR C677T and serum HCY of males, they were divided into four groups, i.e, TT+high HCY, TT+normal HCY, NOT TT+high HCY, and NOT TT+normal HCY (as control). Results · There was no significant difference in the frequency distribution of oligoasthenozoospermia of four groups (P>0.05). The fertilization rates were significantly lower in patients with high plasma HCY levels (P<0.05). The rates of effective embryo in NOT TT+high HCY group were significantly lower (P<0.05). Accumulated pregnancy rates and early abortion rates were not significantly different among four groups (P>0.05). Conclusion · High serum HCY of males may affect outcome of ART. The detection of MTHFR gene polymorphisms helps to remind supplement folic acid in time
Cadherin-11 in Renal Cell Carcinoma Bone Metastasis
Robert L. Satcher, Tianhong Pan, Chien-Jui Cheng, Yu-Chen Lee, Song-Chang Lin, Guoyu Yu, Xiaoxia Li, Anh G. Hoang, Pheroze Tamboli, Eric Jonasch, Gary E. Gallick, Sue-Hwa Lin
PLOS ONE , 2014, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089880
Abstract: Bone is one of the common sites of metastases from renal cell carcinoma (RCC), however the mechanism by which RCC preferentially metastasize to bone is poorly understood. Homing/retention of RCC cells to bone and subsequent proliferation are necessary steps for RCC cells to colonize bone. To explore possible mechanisms by which these processes occur, we used an in vivo metastasis model in which 786-O RCC cells were injected into SCID mice intracardially, and organotropic cell lines from bone, liver, and lymph node were selected. The expression of molecules affecting cell adhesion, angiogenesis, and osteolysis were then examined in these selected cells. Cadherin-11, a mesenchymal cadherin mainly expressed in osteoblasts, was significantly increased on the cell surface in bone metastasis-derived 786-O cells (Bo-786-O) compared to parental, liver, or lymph node-derived cells. In contrast, the homing receptor CXCR4 was equivalently expressed in cells derived from all organs. No significant difference was observed in the expression of angiogenic factors, including HIF-1α, VEGF, angiopoeitin-1, Tie2, c-MET, and osteolytic factors, including PTHrP, IL-6 and RANKL. While the parental and Bo-786-O cells have similar proliferation rates, Bo-786-O cells showed an increase in migration compared to the parental 786-O cells. Knockdown of Cadherin-11 using shRNA reduced the rate of migration in Bo-786-O cells, suggesting that Cadherin-11 contributes to the increased migration observed in bone-derived cells. Immunohistochemical analysis of cadherin-11 expression in a human renal carcinoma tissue array showed that the number of human specimens with positive cadherin-11 activity was significantly higher in tumors that metastasized to bone than that in primary tumors. Together, these results suggest that Cadherin-11 may play a role in RCC bone metastasis.
BIGH3 Promotes Osteolytic Lesions in Renal Cell Carcinoma Bone Metastasis by Inhibiting Osteoblast Differentiation
Bryan Moon,Christopher G Wood,Eric Jonasch,Gary E. Gallick,Guoyu Yu,Jian H. Song,Justin E. Bird,Kai-Jie Yu,Li-Yuan Yu-Lee,Nizar M. Tannir,Patrick P. Lin,Robert L. Satcher,Song-Chang Lin,Sue-Hwa Lin,Tianhong Pan,Valerae O. Lewis
- , 2018, DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2017.11.002
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Bone metastasis is common in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and the lesions are mainly osteolytic. The mechanism of bone destruction in RCC bone metastasis is unknown. METHODS: We used a direct intrafemur injection of mice with bone-derived 786-O RCC cells (Bo-786) as an in vivo model to study if inhibition of osteoblast differentiation is involved in osteolytic bone lesions in RCC bone metastasis. RESULTS: We showed that bone-derived Bo-786 cells induced osteolytic bone lesions in the femur of mice. We examined the effect of conditioned medium of Bo-786 cells (Bo-786 CM) on both primary mouse osteoblasts and MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts and found that Bo-786 CM inhibited osteoblast differentiation. Secretome analysis of Bo-786 CM revealed that BIGH3 (Beta ig h3 protein), also known as TGFBI (transforming growth factor beta-induced protein), is highly expressed. We generated recombinant BIGH3 and found that BIGH3 inhibited osteoblast differentiation in vitro. In addition, CM from Bo-786 BIGH3 knockdown cells (786-BIGH3 KD) reduced the inhibition of osteoblast differentiation compared to CM from vector control. Intrafemural injection of mice with 786-BIGH3 KD cells showed a reduction in osteolytic bone lesions compared to vector control. Immunohistochemical staining of 18 bone metastasis specimens from human RCC showed strong BIGH3 expression in 11/18 (61%) and moderate BIGH3 expression in 7/18 (39%) of the specimens. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that suppression of osteoblast differentiation by BIGH3 is one of the mechanisms that enhance osteolytic lesions in RCC bone metastasis, and raise the possibilty that treatments that increase bone formation may improve therapy outcomes
Proteomic Analysis of PKCγ-Related Proteins in the Spinal Cord of Morphine-Tolerant Rats
Zongbin Song, Qulian Guo, Jie Zhang, Maoyu Li, Chang Liu, Wangyuan Zou
PLOS ONE , 2012, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042068
Abstract: Background Morphine tolerance is a common drawback of chronic morphine exposure, hindering use of this drug. Studies have shown that PKC？ may play a key role in the development of morphine tolerance, although the mechanisms are not fully known. Methodology/Principal Findings In a rat model of morphine tolerance, PKC？ knockdown in the spinal cord was successfully carried out using RNA interference (RNAi) with lentiviral vector-mediated short hairpin RNA of PKC？ (LV-shPKC？). Spinal cords (L4-L5) were obtained surgically from morphine-tolerant (MT) rats with and without PKC？ knockdown, for comparative proteomic analysis. Total proteins from the spinal cords (L4-L5) were extracted and separated using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DGE); 2D gel images were analyzed with PDQuest software. Seven differential gel-spots were observed with increased spot volume, and 18 spots observed with decreased spot volume. Among these, 13 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), comparing between MT rats with and without PKC？ knockdown. The DEPs identified have roles in the cytoskeleton, as neurotrophic factors, in oxidative stress, in ion metabolism, in cell signaling, and as chaperones. Three DEPs (GFAP, FSCN and GDNF) were validated with Western blot analysis, confirming the DEP data. Furthermore, using immunohistochemical analysis, we reveal for the first time that FSCN is involved in the development of morphine tolerance. Conclusions/Significance These data cast light on the proteins associated with the PKC？ activity during morphine tolerance, and hence may contribute to clarification of the mechanisms by which PKC？ influences MT.
Anti-tumor effect of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine by inhibiting telomerase activity in hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Shuang-Fen Tao,Chang-Song Zhang,Xian-Ling Guo,Yun Xu
World Journal of Gastroenterology , 2012, DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i19.2334
Abstract: AIM: To investigate the effect of the demethylating reagent 5-aza-2’-deoxycitidine (DAC) on telomerase activity in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines, SMMC-7721 and HepG2. METHODS: The related gene expression in cell lines was examined by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analysis. The telomerase activity was examined by telomeric repeat amplification protocol-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and DNA methylation was determined by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: The telomerase activity was significantly reduced in both cell lines treated with DAC, accompanied by downregulation of telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT). We also observed the effect of DAC on the methylation status of hTERT promoter and the expression of regulatory genes, such as c-myc, p15, p16, p21, E2F1, and WT1. The methylation status of hTERT promoter could be reversed in SMMC-7721 by DAC, but not in HepG2 cells. However, p16 expression could be reactivated by demethylation of its promoter, and c-Myc expression was repressed in both cell lines. Moreover, DAC could enhance the sensitivity to the chemotherapeutic agents, such as cisplatin, by induction of apoptosis of HCC cells. CONCLUSION: The DAC exerts its anti-tumor effects in HCC cells by inhibiting the telomerase activity.
Curcumin Alleviates Neuropathic Pain by Inhibiting p300/CBP Histone Acetyltransferase Activity-Regulated Expression of BDNF and Cox-2 in a Rat Model
Xiaoyan Zhu, Qian Li, Ruimin Chang, Dong Yang, Zongbing Song, Qulian Guo, Changsheng Huang
PLOS ONE , 2014, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091303
Abstract: The management of neuropathic pain is still a major challenge because of its unresponsiveness to most common treatments. Curcumin has been reported to play an active role in the treatment of various neurological disorders, such as neuropathic pain. Curcumin has long been recognized as a p300/CREB-binding protein (CBP) inhibitor of histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity. However, this mechanism has never been investigated for the treatment of neuropathic pain with curcumin. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-nociceptive role of curcumin in the chronic constriction injury (CCI) rat model of neuropathic pain. Furthermore, with this model we investigated the effect of curcumin on P300/CBP HAT activity-regulated release of the pro-nociceptive molecules, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2). Treatment with 40 and 60 mg/kg body weight curcumin for 7 consecutive days significantly attenuated CCI-induced thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia, whereas 20 mg/kg curcumin showed no significant analgesic effect. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that curcumin dose-dependently reduced the recruitment of p300/CBP and acetyl-Histone H3/acetyl-Histone H4 to the promoter of BDNF and Cox-2 genes. A similar dose-dependent decrease of BDNF and Cox-2 in the spinal cord was also observed after curcumin treatment. These results indicated that curcumin exerted a therapeutic role in neuropathic pain by down-regulating p300/CBP HAT activity-mediated gene expression of BDNF and Cox-2.
Observation on Poterioochromonas sp. (Chrysophyte)  [PDF]
Shengjuan Guo, Lirong Song
Journal of Water Resource and Protection (JWARP) , 2010, DOI: 10.4236/jwarp.2010.26068
Abstract: Poterrioochromonas sp., isolated from Microcystis cultures in 2002, was described with LM, SEM, TEM. The grazing characteristics of this strain were also observed in laboratory experiments. The results showed that this strain has the representative features of the genus except for the lorica, and the most conspicuous feature of Poterioochromonas sp. was about the chromatophores.
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